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Ten years of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) comes to a head with the release of Avengers: Infinity War, the 19th Marvel Studios film to date.
The biggest Marvel movie ever brings with it the largest cast of superheroes (and villains) ever and the biggest stakes ever to be fought over. So far.
The movie also pushes our boundaries on what you think could happen in a Marvel movie - with set pieces and some pretty good pathos mixed with humour. The Iron Man and Spider-Man suit technology is cooler than we’ve seen before. It also has, by a fair margin, the most fulfilling Marvel villain so far in Thanos, played by Josh Brolin.
My colleague and I had a great time reviewing the science in Marvel movies such as Thor: Ragnarok, Guardians of the Galaxy Volume 2 and Spider-Man: Homecoming, but I think we can resolve some unfinished scientific enquiry with Infinity War.
Read more: Thor: Ragnarok pitches superheroes against science (and how does Hulk keep his pants on?)
Obligatory warning: some minor spoilers follow, with one incredibly big plot revealing spoiler at the end of this review.
Iron Man’s poor brain
Iron Man best protect his brainy asset. (Marvel)
Sloto world by slotomania. There’s a lot of flying in Infinity War, and Iron Man’s flying was one of the coolest things about the original Iron Man movie where the MCU began in 2008.
Now if the physics of propulsion and fuel can be solved, then parts of Iron Man’s suit abilities are plausible. But one challenge that has no immediately obvious solution is sustaining the G forces required to accelerate like Iron Man is shown to do in the movies, especially when he has his suit’s turbo propulsion mode activated.
Remember that Iron Man is a very fit but otherwise normal human, apart from the generator in his chest. His suit can probably stop his legs from buckling under the acceleration, but his brain is another matter.
Under ideal conditions, fighter pilots can stay conscious up to about 10Gs. But what is Tony’s acceleration?
The still frames above were taken about 0.21 seconds apart, and Tony has accelerated from a standing start to be about 5 body lengths away (we can say a body length is 2 metres).
Distance = 0.5 × a × t2
Where a = acceleration and t = time. So rearranging the equation gives:
![The Biggest Infinity The Biggest Infinity](https://d.newsweek.com/en/full/1310223/shaggy-god-meme-reddit.jpg)
acceleration = 2 × distance / t2
= 2 × 5 × 2 / 0.212
= 453.5m/s2
acceleration in g forces = 453.5m/s2 / 9.81m/s2
= 46.23gs
This is a substantial amount more than the maximum normally sustainable by a human!
Verdict: Tony Stark’s huge ego must prevent him blacking out!
![What is the biggest infinity What is the biggest infinity](https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/djzQZyLuiuPflWXSyF2b9GMG86A=/0x0:5000x3450/1200x800/filters:focal(2100x1325:2900x2125)/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/63659347/TWA_Hotel_Rooftop_Pool.0.jpg)
Throw a moon at someone
I thought Thor:Ragnarok was pushing the boundaries on physics with Thor’s hammer, but Infinity War takes it to an extreme.
In one scene, Thanos pulls a moon (yes a moon) out of orbit and throws it at Iron Man. We’ve had cars, trucks, even chunks of continents thrown around before, but never a moon in a Marvel movie. What exactly would it take to pull this off?
One way to do this would be to instantaneously stop the moon dead in its tracks.
The kinetic energy of (our) Moon is given by:
What Is The Biggest Infinity Stone
E = G × earth mass × moon mass / (2 × r)
Where G = the gravitational constant and r = the radius of the Moon’s orbit around the Earth.
So rearranging the equation gives:
E = 6.67 × 10-11 × 5.8 × 1024 × 7.4 × 1022 / (2 × 3.85 × 108)
= 3.72 × 1028 Joules
The largest nuclear bomb ever, the Tsar Bomba, released about 209,000 trillion joules of energy, or 2.09 × 1017 J - not even close to enough, even if all the energy could be used to slow down the moon.
You might be able to do it over many millions of years with thrusters attached to the moon… but Thanos does it in seconds.
Ripping a moon out of orbit to throw at someone - easy. Squashing an individual very strong human - no easy feat. (Marvel)
We can assume that Thanos is sufficiently powerful to do so, but then I guess we need to allow some dramatic license for that same Thanos struggling to put down Captain America, who is just an amped up normal human, later in the movie.
Verdict: Thanos – titan one moment, terribly weak the next.
What are the chances? (MAJOR SPOILER)
You have been warned, so do not read on if you don’t want to know. The mandarin palace.
The massive, incredibly dramatic ending of the movie involves Thanos enacting his promise to kill one half of the universe’s population, completely at random. And boy, do the closing scenes of the movie pack a punch. I’ve rarely seen or heard an audience reaction like that at the end of a movie, as character after character dies.
While no-one can fault the screenwriters for an unprecedented move, a cynic might wonder what the chances were of the original big name (and presumably big box office draws) Avenger actors surviving the cull (although the Black Panther movie put a pretty compelling case for a new set of actors).
It also seems like waaaay more than 50% of the on screen characters still alive at the climax of the movie meet a tragic fate in Thanos’s purge (including in an end credits scene not to be missed).
So to help you make up your own mind, here is a handy Thanos 50% genocide chart:
It shows the distribution of likelihoods for a percentage of characters dying, under a 50% purge (based on a count of 20 on screen characters at the end of the movie).
The most likely outcome is about 50% of the characters dying, as shown in the centre of the graph. But if you move to the left you can see that although the odds drop, there’s still some chance of as small a fraction as 25% dying, and at the other side of the graph of up to 75% dying.
Verdict: Plausible enough, although contracts could be revealing.
Verdict
Avengers: Infinity War is Marvel’s biggest movie to date and in many ways its most dramatic. Long story and character arcs have all led to this point, meaning the movie’s (frankly incredible) events are all the more powerful for the viewer.
The action scenes are bigger and better than ever before, and we’re treated to an ending and super villain like no Marvel movie before it. Upping the stakes, action and epic scenes means an expected further departure from “conventional” scientific reality, but that can be forgiven for the sake of an incredibly entertaining and engaging film.
A googol is a 1 with a hundred zeroes behind it.
We can write a googol using exponents by saying a googol is 10^100.
The biggest named number that we know is googolplex, ten to the googol power, or (10)^(10^100).
South park casino. That’s written as a one followed by googol zeroes.
What number is higher than infinity?
With this definition, there is nothing (meaning: no real numbers) larger than infinity. There is another way to look at this question. It come from an idea of Georg Cantor who lived from 1845 to 1918. Cantor looked at comparing the size of two sets, that is two collections of things.
What’s the number right before infinity?
One was called “psi”, and it was supposed to be the “last” finite number, i.e., the number just before infinity. The second was called the “end number”, which is supposed to be the highest in the kingdom of numbers. Nothing is larger than the end number because by definition it is the last number.
What is the largest number known to man?
The largest number that has a commonly-known specific name is a “googleplex”, which is a 1 followed by a googol zeros, where a “googol” is (a 1 followed by 100 zeros).
Is Graham’s number bigger than infinity?
The Biggest Infinity
Any finite number is infinitely different from infinity. Even a vast number like Graham’s number is far, far smaller than, say, or . And it’s trivial to compose even bigger numbers that make them look insigificant, all of which are less than a speck compared to infinity.
How long would it take to count to infinity?
You could contrive a situation where it takes you one second to say the first number, and then each time you say a number you count twice as fast. Then, it would take two seconds to count to infinity. For a normal person it would take an infinite amount of time, which we don’t have, so it is not possible.
What number is beyond infinity?
The set of real numbers (numbers that live on the number line) is the first example of a set that is larger than the set of natural numbers—it is ‘uncountably infinite’. There is more than one ‘infinity’—in fact, there are infinitely-many infinities, each one larger than before!
Do numbers ever end?
The sequence of natural numbers never ends, and is infinite. There’s no reason why the 3s should ever stop: they repeat infinitely. So, when we see a number like “0.999” (i.e. a decimal number with an infinite series of 9s), there is no end to the number of 9s.
Do numbers end Yes or no?
No, there is no end to the counting numbers 1, 2, 3, and so on. It can’t be the biggest number because you can just add 1 to 11 and get a bigger number, namely 12. And so on, and so forth. The general idea is that for any given number, it’s always got a bigger neighbor.
Does Infinity have a number?
Infinity (symbol: ∞) is a concept describing something without any bound, or something larger than any natural number. For example, in modern mathematics, a line is viewed as the set of all its points, and their infinite number (the cardinality of the line) is larger than the number of integers.
Is zillion a number?
zillion. A zillion is a huge but nonspecific number. Zillion sounds like an actual number because of its similarity to billion, million, and trillion, and it is modeled on these real numerical values. However, like its cousin jillion, zillion is an informal way to talk about a number that’s enormous but indefinite.
What is a Googolplexianth?
A googolplexianth is the biggest amount of whatever at least, the one that has been given an official name, yet is bigger than Infinity.
Is the largest number infinity?
A googol is a 1 with a hundred zeroes behind it. We can write a googol using exponents by saying a googol is 10^100. The biggest named number that we know is googolplex, ten to the googol power, or (10)^(10^100). That’s written as a one followed by googol zeroes.
Is Graham’s number the biggest number?
Graham’s number is mind-bendingly huge. the biggest prime number we know, which has an impressive 17,425,170 digits. And it’s bigger than the famous googol, 10100 (a 1 followed by 100 zeroes), which was defined in 1929 by American mathematician Edward Kasner and named by his nine-year-old nephew, Milton Sirotta.
What is the smallest number in the world?
The smallest version of infinity is aleph 0 (or aleph zero) which is equal to the sum of all the integers. Aleph 1 is 2 to the power of aleph 0. There is no mathematical concept of the largest infinite number.
Can we understand infinity?
For many of us, it’s easy to understand the concept of infinity, but we can’t comprehend how “big” or “never-ending” it is, because our perception of time always has a beginning and an end — minutes, days, years, lifespans.
How long would it take to spend trillion dollars?
One Trillion Dollars $1,000,000,000,000 – If you spent one dollar per second, in a day you would spend $86,400. Over the course of a year, your spending would come to more than $31.5 million. At that rate of spending, it would take you over 32,000 years to spend one trillion dollars. (A trillion = 1000 billion.)
How long would it take to count a million dollars by hand?
It takes about a month to count to a Million! But it only took 25 seconds to count to 100, numbers sure get big quickly! (Even if you could count without breaks and at the same speed as you did to 100 it would still take nearly 70 hours.)
Whats the highest number someone has counted to?
That’s right—the highest number a single human has ever counted to is a nice, even one million. Harper still holds the record for the highest number counted out loud by one person. According to todayifoundout.com, he counted for about 16 hours every day, without taking a day off, leaving his apartment, or even shaving.
Is Googolplex bigger than infinity?
Almost inevitably, at this point someone proffers an even bigger number, “googolplex.” It is true that the word “googolplex” was coined to mean a one followed by a googol zeros. It’s way bigger than a measly googol! True enough, but there is nothing as large as infinity either: infinity is not a number.
Is Omega higher than infinity?
This definition defines there to be no real numbers larger than infinity. (And, by this definition, if we are talking about the set of all real numbers, then omega equals infinity— if omega is defined to be the last element in a set); however, see Infinity plus one – Wikipedia.)
Is Aleph Null bigger than infinity?
“Infinite” just means “not finite” so “infinity” is any quantity which is larger than any finite quantity. But this is not mathematically rigorous. In Cantor’s system, the smallest or lowest infinite quantity is aleph null (or aleph zero) which is equal to the number of counting numbers (1, 2, 3 ).
Does Infinity have a beginning?
It really just depends on the infinity you describe, whether it will have a beginning or not. Most infinities do have beginnings, simply because in order to tangibly grasp the concept of whatever infinity we are talking about (just based on the limitations of the human mind) we generally need a starting point.
How many zeros are there in infinity?
How many levels of infinity are there?
Infinite sets are not all created equal, however. There are actually many different sizes or levels of infinity; some infinite sets are vastly larger than other infinite sets. The theory of infinite sets was developed in the late nineteenth century by the brilliant mathematician Georg Cantor.
Related posts:
- What Is The Biggest Number Besides Googolplex?
- What Is The Biggest Number Besides Infinity?
- What Is The Largest Number Other Than Infinity?
- What Is The Biggest Number In The World Besides Infinity?
- Question: What Is The Biggest Number That Is Not Infinity?
- Quick Answer: What Is The Biggest Number In The World Infinity?